What Is Buccal Mucosal Cancer

Buccal mucosal cancer often called inner cheek cancer is a type of oral cancer that develops in the lining of the inside of the cheeks.

This lining, known as the buccal mucosa, plays an important role in protecting the mouth, keeping it moist, and supporting speech, chewing, and overall oral health. When abnormal cells begin to grow uncontrollably in this area, they may form a tumor that can affect both oral function and general health.

Although inner cheek cancer is not the most common type of oral cancer, it is a serious condition that requires early diagnosis and proper treatment.

Many patients discover it accidentally while brushing or feeling a persistent sore in the mouth. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options can make a significant difference in outcomes.

What Is the Buccal Mucosa?

The buccal mucosa is the soft, pink inner lining of both cheeks. It contains glands that produce saliva and acts as a barrier against bacteria, food particles, and external irritants. This tissue heals quickly, which is why small mouth sores usually disappear on their own.

However, constant irritation such as smoking, chewing tobacco, or biting the cheek can damage the mucosa over time and increase the risk of cancer development.

How Does Buccal Mucosal Cancer Develop?

Buccal mucosal cancer usually forms in the squamous cells that line the cheeks. These cells are constantly renewing themselves. When DNA damage occurs repeatedly, abnormal cells may begin to multiply and form a tumor. If not detected early, the cancer can spread deeper into the cheek, the jaw, lymph nodes, or other parts of the mouth.

While the exact cause is different for every patient, several common risk factors are known:

1. Tobacco Use

Cigarettes, cigars, pipes, and especially chewing tobacco significantly increase the risk of oral cancer. Long-term exposure to tobacco chemicals irritates and damages mouth cells.

2. Alcohol Consumption

Heavy and regular alcohol use weakens the mucosa and increases sensitivity to carcinogenic substances.

3. Chronic Irritation

Repeated cheek biting, poorly fitted dentures, and sharp teeth may create ongoing irritation, leading to long-term inflammation.

4. HPV Infection

Some strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV) have been linked to oral cancers, including buccal mucosal cancer.

5. Poor Oral Hygiene

Chronic inflammation, gum disease, and untreated oral infections can weaken the mouth’s natural defenses.

Symptoms of Inner Cheek Cancer

Buccal mucosal cancer may start quietly, but early warning signs often include:

A persistent sore inside the cheek
White or red patches
A lump, thickening, or rough area
Pain when chewing
Difficulty opening the mouth fully
Unexplained bleeding
Numbness in the cheek
A sore that doesn’t heal within 2 weeks

If any of these symptoms last for more than a couple of weeks, it’s essential to see a dental professional or oral surgeon.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Dentists usually begin with a physical exam and may recommend imaging tests or a biopsy if a suspicious lesion is found.Early diagnosis greatly increases the chances of successful treatment.
Treatment options may include:

Surgical Removal

Removing the tumor is usually the first step, especially in early stages.

Radiation Therapy

Used to kill cancer cells or reduce tumor size.

Chemotherapy

Often recommended when cancer has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.

Reconstruction

If part of the cheek tissue is removed, reconstructive procedures can help restore mouth function and facial symmetry.

Combining treatments often offers the best outcome, depending on the cancer’s stage and the patient’s overall health.

How to Reduce the Risk of Inner Cheek Cancer

Quit smoking and avoid all tobacco products
Limit alcohol consumption
Maintain strong oral hygiene habit
Treat dental issues early (sharp teeth, broken fillings, misaligned dentures)
Get regular dental check-ups
Protect your mouth from chronic irritation

At Lygos Dental, early detection screenings are included as part of routine oral exams to help identify changes before they become serious.

Get Information Now!

You can contact us here to learn more about Cosmetic Dentistry, Dental Crown, Dental Implant and General Dentistry to make an appointment and to get information about our services.